Sutures and Wound Repair/ General Surgery (ABSA) Practice Test

Which gland's removal may affect body metabolism?

1. Thyroid gland

2. Adrenal gland

3. Endocrine gland

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: Endocrine gland

The thyroid gland plays a pivotal role in regulating metabolism through the production of hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which control the speed of metabolic processes in the body. If the thyroid gland is removed, it can lead to significant metabolic disturbances, including hypothyroidism, which may result in decreased rates of metabolism, weight gain, fatigue, and other systemic effects. The adrenal gland, also critical for metabolism, produces hormones like cortisol and adrenaline that help manage stress and energy use. Removal of the adrenal gland can affect metabolism through its impact on energy levels and the body's response to stress. While the term "endocrine gland" is broader and includes any gland that secretes hormones, including the thyroid and adrenal glands, it is important to recognize that both the thyroid and adrenal glands specifically play direct roles in metabolism. The removal of these glands would lead to alterations in metabolic processes, distinguishing them from other endocrine glands that may not have a direct impact on metabolism. Thus, thyroid and adrenal gland removals can independently affect metabolism, making the choice that recognizes the specific roles of these two glands more appropriate.