Sutures and Wound Repair/ General Surgery (ABSA) Practice Test

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What type of surgical bypass procedure is typically used for portal hypertension?

Shunt between portal vein and aorta
Shunt between portal vein and inferior vena cava
Shunt between superior mesenteric vein and renal artery
Shunt between splenic vein and right atrium

The correct answer is: Shunt between portal vein and inferior vena cava

The shunt between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava is the correct choice for addressing portal hypertension. This type of surgical bypass, known as a portosystemic shunt, is designed to redirect blood flow away from the high-pressure portal system, often due to conditions such as cirrhosis or venous obstruction. By connecting the portal vein directly to the inferior vena cava, this procedure effectively reduces the portal pressure by allowing some of the blood flow that would normally pass through the liver to bypass it. This helps mitigate or prevent the complications associated with portal hypertension, such as variceal bleeding, ascites, and splenomegaly. This option is appropriate given the physiological rationale; other types of shunts or connections listed do not specifically address the complications arising from portal hypertension or do not accurately reflect common surgical practices for such conditions.